Open innovation is a phenomenon in search of a theory. (Birkinshaw) Essay

Open advancement is a marvel looking for a hypothesis. (Birkinshaw). Fundamentally assess this announcement, analyzing current aca - Essay Example Can open advancement be presented at McDonalds at the fry cook level, or is it just attainable among individuals with Ph. Ds? Does each individual character work with open advancement, or are some character types progressively successful under shut framework? Might open and shut be focuses on a continuum that ought to be moved for various conditions? Might there be mixture draws near, for example, starting a venture utilizing open development and completing it utilizing shut? In what manner can open development be adjusted against the necessities of the board? Does open advancement diminish or increment straightforwardness? A considerable lot of these inquiries have been addressed just immediately, some not in any manner, and some may be on a fundamental level past the current capacity to reply. However hypothesis guides research similarly as examination guides hypothesis: Creating a hypothesis of open development, anyway conditional and liable to change, could assist with making spe culations that could be tried, models that could be investigated, and forecasts that could be demonstrated or disproven. This paper propels a hypothesis of open advancement that guarantees that open development is in truth an increasingly explicit instance of a general harmony between the expenses and advantages of order and control, and that open advancement is from an authoritative conduct and institutional hypothesis point of view a move to base up rehearses; accordingly, it relies significantly upon dependability to the foundation, inclusion in dynamic, corporate culture, the board abstaining from chilling impacts, and different components. I distinguish open development as an answer for the licensed innovation adaptation of the deplorability of the house issue and as the interior flipside of the open source development. Open development will be characterized for the motivations behind this paper as â€Å"a worldview that accept that organizations can and should utilize outer t houghts just as inner thoughts, and interior and outside ways to showcase, as the organizations hope to propel their technology† (Chesbrough, 2003). Open advancement includes firms making institutional practices to receive the rewards of inner development, for example, with â€Å"innovation time† activities, and outer advancement. Open development is generally the model of most colleges. Inside the college framework, a scientist's information is claimed by the college and additionally by the organizations or partners that financed or started the investigation, yet they likewise hold some copyright and control. The data is made openly available, either sponsored to be free or for an ostensible expense, with the goal that exploration can be encouraged. Specialists have gigantic scope to analyze and examine down their own lines of request. Open development, at that point, nearby the equal however unmistakable idea of open source, is an endeavor to recreate the scholarly yi eld of the college and of comparative organizations that permit data to be all the more unreservedly made and scattered. Albert (2008) calls attention to how contradictory this is to numerous conventional ideas of corporate private enterprise: The suspicion made is that organizations both receive 100% of the reward of public licensed innovation yet hold 100% in-house, which are opposing suppositions. Practically speaking, firms are confronted with a troublesome predicament. Both inside and remotely, they should control access to their data to stay serious and keep contenders from hurting them, yet doing so lessens the net measure of development. Development relies upon cross-referencing. Information doesn't happen in a vacuum: If somebody takes a gander at an issue and can't be certain what

Laughters Free Essays

Chuckles An astute man say, â€Å"A giggle is a grin that blasts. † An awesome morning Madam Chairperson, noteworthy appointed authorities, recognized watch, and individuals from the floor. Women and men of honor, it is in fact and respect to be allowed to remain here before you, the crowd. We will compose a custom paper test on Chuckles or on the other hand any comparable theme just for you Request Now My errand today is to impart to you about, â€Å"Laughters. † Parents of infants adapt rapidly there are a wide range of ways for a child to cry. One sort of cry implies the infant is ravenous, another says the kid should be changed but then another may mean it essentially needs some consideration. Despite the fact that these cries may appear to be indistinct to an outcast, guardians figure out how to react with precisely what their youngster needs. Guardians don’t will in general put as much idea into what their child’s chuckle may mean, except if it sounds extremely unusual and shows an assault to the individuals encompassing. Indeed, not very many individuals consider contrasts in chuckling by any stretch of the imagination. We regularly ask ourselves, for what reason do we chuckle? The appropriate response may appear glaringly evident: We giggle when we see something amusing. Be that as it may, the conspicuous answer isn't right, at any rate more often than not. As indicated by the master Robert Provine; A PhD neurobiologist and Professor of Psychology at the University of Maryland, Baltimore County, most chuckling isn't because of jokes or amusingness. Giggling isn’t under our cognizant control. Newborn children giggle nearly from birth. Actually, individuals who are brought into the world visually impaired hard of hearing despite everything snicker. So we know it’s not a scholarly conduct. Analyst likewise says that chuckling might be only a less difficult approach to impart and show understanding over specific issues. Chuckling is a system everybody has. It is a piece of the all inclusive human jargon. All individuals from the human species get it. In contrast to English or Bahasa Malaysia or French, we don’t need to figure out how to talk it. We’re brought into the world with the ability to chuckle. Giggling is a message that we send to others. We know this since we infrequently giggle when we are distant from everyone else, isn't that right? Chuckling is additionally explicitly a social structure, something that associates people with each other in a significant manner. As indicated by Provine’s discoveries, individuals are 30 percent bound to snicker in a social setting that warrants it than when alone with humor-initiating media. That implies that you’re bound to chuckle with companions while viewing a satire together than when you’re viewing a similar show or film without anyone else. In spite of the fact that there are numerous approaches to snicker, from chuckles to roars and from laughs to clucks, things being what they are, we people giggle for some reasons, some of them are odd. So what are a portion of the various kinds and purposes behind all the chuckling? In the lead position, The Fake Laughter. This kind of chuckling proves to be useful as an approach to coexist with others, that’s why once in a while we giggle at things that just aren’t entertaining, regardless of whether we’re with our chief, with our educators or with our companions. Second, The Contagious Laughter. Envision you’re out for supper with a gathering of companions. Somebody makes a quip and gets one individual snickering, which gets a subsequent individual giggling, and it proceeds to each other. Thus, a hover of chuckling is made. Is coming down with chuckling like getting a bug? It’s likely. Other than that, The Nervous Laughter. During times of tension, we regularly chuckle in a psyche endeavor to decrease pressure and quiet down. Chuckling brings down the degrees of in any event four hormones that are related with pressure, so after a decent laugh you should be far less tense and on edge. Be that as it may, anxious giggling normally just uplifts the cumbersomeness of the circumstance. Let’s proceed onward to The Belly Laughter. Stomach giggling is considered as the most legitimate kind of chuckling. It might likewise be the hardest sort to understanding, since we need to discover something genuinely humorous before we’ll let go with the sort of chuckling that makes them grasp our stomaches and heaving for air. Next, The Silent Laughter. This happens when you chuckle so hard no stable really comes out and in some cases, detaches are originating from your clueless eyes . It’s like the giggle gets befuddled and neglects to return from the of your throat. This chuckling remains stopped within your mind and you hear it noisily in your mind. Ultimately, The Unappropriate Laughter. Blessed in light of the fact that chuckling is fun (andâ good for your healthâ , recall? ). Misfortunate in light of the fact that this kind of giggling might irritate another person or ruin a specific mind-set. You’ve presumably heard some protective individual state, â€Å"It isn’t affable to giggle at others’ cost. † Classic instances of this are to giggle while going to a person’s burial service, or possibly when somebody flatulated, which is truly entertaining, that you’re the one in particular who heard it or smelled it. In the event that another person hears your chuckling they could be tainted by it, since we as a whole realize that giggling is infectious. I’ve referenced scarcely any methods of chuckling; The Fake Laughter, The Contagious Laughter, The Nervous Laughter, The Belly Laughter, The Silent Laughter and ultimately The Unappropriate Laughter. Women and courteous fellows, which chuckling do you like? This rundown of various sorts of giggling isn't the end-all be-all, yet it is quite close. All things considered, chuckling takes on a wide range of structures. As has been stated, we've all heard the expression â€Å"laughterâ is the best medication. † But what makes a difference are when chuckling is shared, it ties individuals together and builds bliss and closeness. Much obliged to you. Instructions to refer to Laughters, Papers

Business Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 13

Business Law - Essay Example à ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ½Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¾Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿ à ¾Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿ ï ¾ ¤ ï ¾ µ ï ¾ § â€'  ­ ! # $ % and ( ) * + , - . /à ¾Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿1 à ¾Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿Ãƒ ¿R o t E n t r y à ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿ à ¾Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿ à ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿ à ¾Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿ à ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿ à ¾Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿ à ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿ à ¾Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿ à ¾Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¾Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿ ï ¾ ¤ ï ¾ µ ï ¾ § â€'  ­ à ¾Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿! # à ¾Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿Ã£ ¿%

Essay Writing Topics

Essay Writing TopicsThis is the sixth year that I have taught a TK essay writing workshop, and it's all about the same topics as in previous years. However, this year is getting closer to midterm and finals time, and students are weighing their options. Some of them are taking longer to write their essays than in the past, and others have skipped some of the topics they would otherwise have included. The reality is that students are making their own choices, but the simplest way to be prepared for this is to study and practice your essays.First, let's look at the short essay. There are many different types of essay topics to choose from, so this is the easiest type of essay to write. Remember, though, that these topics should be research based and not personal experiences. After all, if you take an experience with another student and include it in your essay, your reader will not like it.Second, what to do with the short essay that has been written? Most teachers will instruct their students to write one essay for each class, whether it's a term paper unit or final. If you have less time, then that is fine, but it is much better to get more than one assignment done because that is the only way that you will improve.If you're part of the United States government, there are many different requirements that must be met before you can take the final exam. This can include a long list of tests and papers. One way to get them done quickly is to write a sample essay.Having a good understanding of the essay topics that most colleges or universities require can help you finish the last several papers and exams in a semester, especially when you're writing a very long one. The exams vary depending on the institution, but the general themes are mathematics, reading comprehension, science, English composition, and just about everything else. It is important that you understand the standard format before writing your essay.Next, if you do not have the time to do lots of res earch and do your own research, then you should consider studying and writing papers for special projects. You may want to do these prior to taking a final exam, or you may want to use them for projects later on. That depends on your situation. Although it can be tedious, once you know the standards, it's not hard at all.Finally, don't look at it as a chore, but as a challenge that you need to overcome. Write at least 100 words per day. The more work you put into it, the easier it will be. Also, if you know what to expect, then you won't worry that it will take a lot of time.My goal with TK essay writing is to help you become a better writer. I'm not an expert on college essays, but I do know that there are a lot of different things to do and an easy way to learn how to do them.

10 Smart Cleantech Solutions to Counter Global Warming

10 Smart Cleantech Solutions to Counter Global Warming © Shutterstock.com | jorisvoIn this article, you’ll learn about 1) the problem of global warming and the role of Cleantech, 2) challenges to Cleantech adoption and investment, and 3) 10 examples of Cleantech Solutions to counter global warming.THE PROBLEM OF GLOBAL WARMING AND THE ROLE OF CLEANTECHAccording to predictions, it is believed a temperature rise of more than 2 degree centigrade is close to unavoidable and this in turn, would cause more severe weather events, precipitation changes, ocean acidification, disappearing coral reefs and sea level rises.It is obvious that renewables should take up the whole share of the international energy supply market to steer clear of the 2 degree centigrade global warming while avoiding considerable water pollution, poor human health, unreasonably high expenses, nuclear weapon proliferation and perilous waste for generations.CHALLENGES TO CLEANTECH ADOPTION AND INVESTMENTLack of a clear frameworkTo draw continuous degrees of investment int o budding clean technology industries at the minimum possible cost requires clarity to a considerably detailed degree with respect to the regulatory framework. Accomplishing that in the context of a lucid energy picture â€" which was concurred on across political parties â€" to adopt renewables and introduce the smart grid over the subsequent decades, would cause investment and innovation in these segments to thrive.Speeding up introduction of business models that transfer solutions to marketTo achieve acceleration of progress, it is necessary to examine the conditions enclosing our small and large solution providers. We will have to look at an extensive collection of novel cleantech solutions speedily scale up during the course of the next one to three decades. Comprehension of these innovation processes is essential so as to speed up growth of the “good” in harmony with the creation of national climate goals and carbon caps that look into a more speedy reduction of the “bad. ”One must take up the challenge to convey energy solutions in ways that are far smarter and innovative with the hopes of decentralized sustainable energy instead of the centralized unsustainable energy of the present.Continuous cost-cutting of chief technologies is another challenge that needs to be addressed.10 EXAMPLES OF CLEANTECH SOLUTIONS TO COUNTER GLOBAL WARMING#1. Efficient Building EnvelopeThis comprises all the constituents of a building that distinguishes the external environment from the building’s interior. This includes roofing, insulation, windows and external walls. Technological progress with respect to envelope materials has resulted in a decrease in building operating expenses. Some examples are reflective surfaces, efficient windows, air sealing and high-performance insulation. As per an estimate from The International Energy Agency, cooling and heating loads all over the world can be decreased by 40 percent solely by utilizing cost-effective building envelop e technologies. The European Union, United States and Canada are the leading markets of these materials, which are utilized worldwide.One key leader in producing cost-effective building matter is Johns Manville. This Berkshire Hathaway company’s insulation materials are utilized in retrofit as well as new construction in all kinds of sectors, including residences, hotels, medical centers, warehouses and colleges. Cool roofing products from the same company for existing as well as new commercial roofs can decrease building cooling needs and solar heat gain while ensuring flawless incorporation of solar photovoltaic into the roofing system. #2. Demand ResponseDemand Response or DR is a method that enables utilities to give customers incentives and information that persuade them to decrease energy usage at particular times of the year or day. This provides customers with more power over their energy utilization and expenses, while giving grid operators valuable solutions, such as dec rease in load during peak periods in the day when grid dependability is compromised, or electricity is costly. The United States is at the top of the international demand response market, with plans mostly established by operating entities of regional grids, called ISOs (Independent System Operators). As of 2013, the majority of demand response programs were concentrating on industrial and commercial customers. One example is EnerNOC, a principal demand response provider, and which has a contract with Salt River Project, an Arizona utility to handle a 50 MW network of commercial, institutional and industrial facilities utilizing the company’s DR technology.Decrease in peak load can cause decreased emissions owing to the fact that peaking plants are less productive than other system plants. What’s more, when there is considerable electricity demand, distribution and transmission equipment are usually less productive, leading to more system losses. There are also financial advanta ges with demand response, as these enable customer compensation for giving grid operators valuable service. By reducing peak demand, DR moderates energy expenses for all. #3. Industrial CHPIndustrial Combined Heat and Power (CHP) utilizes a single fuel, frequently natural gas, to co-develop heat and electricity for utilization in industrial operations, typically on-site. Out of 82 GW of CHP installed in the United States, 75 GW is industrial CHP. CHP can be utilized extensively within the industrial sector, though it is specifically quite suited for industries with steady, considerable thermal loads such as chemicals, forest products, pharmaceuticals and refining. The world’s first commercial power plant, namely “Thomas Edison’s Pearl Street Station” and situated in Manhattan, was a Combined Heat and Power plant. The majority of CHP utilizes natural gas, causing lower emissions than certain grid power. Other industries utilizing CHP incorporate the forest products industry, which utilizes a large degree of wood waste (such as spent pulping liquors, sawdust and bark) available at no cost. In addition, Industrial CHP enhances dependability by keeping industries insulated from disruptions in power supply.#4. Smart gridCommunications networks pertaining to the smart grid include hardware and software that facilitate the communication between and acquiring of data from smart grid technologies such as advanced metering infrastructure (AMI). Energy consumers, energy service companies and utilities all over the country are moving to grid communications networks to assist them with monitoring energy utilization, distributed generation, integration of renewables and improved grid balancing. Gridco’s Grid Management and Analytics Platform is one example of this kind of software that facilitates analytics, data collection and remote control of the grid. With the emergence of more advanced software solutions in this field, one can expect the industry to experienc e greater adoption and considerable growth. Data analytics and management solutions pertaining to the smart grid allow utilities to better manage their energy efficiency programs, incorporate more changeable renewable resources, and reduce the requirement for electricity produced by peaking high-emitting power plants. The annual expenditure for smart grid analytics at the international level is expected to be $3.8 billion by 2020 from just $0.7 billion in 2012.#5. Voltage and volt-ampere reactive optimizationVoltage-VAR Optimization or VVO is a utility application enabled by the smart grid. The VVO directs power flow in the distribution system to boost reliability and efficiency, decrease losses in distribution, and accommodate fresh power flows, an example of which is those having their origins from distributed generation. VVO gives more accurate voltage control, decreasing the quantity of power required. An impact assessment carried out by the National Electric Manufacturers Assoc iation stated that VVO can decrease losses relating to distribution line by 2 percent to 5 percent. In addition, a DOE study of VVO came to the conclusion that it was possible to decrease losses from distribution line by over 5 percent. VVO-caused efficiency would result in evaded generation emissions. In addition, VVO technology addition assists with enhancing overall grid performance. Through the utilization of dynamic control, VVO enables distribution lines to have reduced overall voltage without affecting service quality.#6. Electric vehicles © Wikimedia commons | Matt HowardPEVs or plug-in electric vehicles are coming up as a key vehicle platform not just in the U.S. but at the international level as well. These vehicles are fully or partly powered by rechargeable batteries. They include plug-in hybrid vehicles (PHEVs) examples of which are the Toyota Prius Plug-In and the Chevy Volt which incorporate both a gasoline-powered engine and a battery, and battery electric vehicles (BEVs) examples of which are the Tesla Model S and the Nissan Leaf. PHEVs usually have electric-only ranges of approximately 20-40 miles, following which they function on gasoline just like regular hybrid vehicles. On the other hand, BEVs usually have ranges of approximately 100 to 250 miles. In spite of the fact that sales of PEVs are comparatively small, the market is increasing at a rapid pace. The sales increased from about 52,000 in 2012 to below 100,000 units the next year, in the U.S.PEVs decrease transportation-associated greenhouse gas emi ssions. This is even the case when looking at power plant emissions connected to vehicle charging. This advantage differs on the basis of the power generation mix. However, there is a net gain even in regions with considerably high electricity-associated emissions. Overnight PEV charging could also assist with boosting utilization of low-carbon off-peak generation. With complete, bi-directional grid integration, PEVs may also be utilized for energy storage, delivering functions that support grid such as load shape smoothing, power quality solutions, renewable integration and peak shaving. With the increase in size of the PEV fleet, the capacity to aggregate and supervise vehicles in a coordinated manner has the possibility to develop a major energy storage source.#7. Anaerobic digestionAnaerobic digestion or AD may be defined as a process through which waste matter such as industrial/municipal wastewater, food scraps and livestock manure is acted upon by microorganisms in an environ ment bereft of oxygen, breaking it down into a blend of methane and other gases, also termed “biogas”. In contrast to waste-to-energy generated from municipal solid waste, AD happens without incineration and depends on organic matter’s natural breakdown into biogas. Different kinds of digesters can be utilized, ranging from lagoons at animal farms that are covered, to above ground concrete or steel tanks. After that, the biogas can be burned to produce electricity on-site. What’s more, biogas can be purified and converted into a substance of pipeline-quality including CNG or Compressed Natural Gas for vehicles.In the United States, anaerobic digestion is commonly utilized to provide power for wastewater treatment plants, or with agricultural waste. AD is frequently used along with CHP for cost-effective heat and electricity production. The heat generated may be utilized on-site by wastewater treatment facilities and farms for heating digesters, drying biosolids, and hot wate r.Co-digestion involves the addition of grease, oils and fats to wastewater or manure to increase energy production. In addition to reduced carbon dioxide, municipalities that utilize co-digestion biogas facilities additionally gain from the use of leftover bio solids as fertilizer, and from decreasing the quantity of grease, oils and clogging fats in their waste streams. Another advantage is that the quality of water can be improved by way of ridding groundwater of disease-causing bacteria.#8. Commercial and residential building solar power © Wikimedia commonsSolar PV (photovoltaic) power systems transform sunlight straight into electricity. PV panels or modules generate direct current, which in turn gets transformed to alternating current (grid-compatible) by way of an inverter. Flat-plate PV modules are typically put up on the roofs of commercial and residential buildings. The two key PV materials utilized in modules are thin films an example for which is cadmium, and crystalline silicon. The former is frequently utilized for commercial and residential buildings owing to its associated smaller footprint and higher efficiency. Apart from supportive policies in a number of states and the improving situation of PV economics, the progress of commercial and residential solar has been stimulated by the availability of third-party funding options and enhancements in sales channels, through which owners of buildings purchase the output or lease the systems by way of a long-term PPA (power purchase agreement). The industry has succeeded in enhancing its access to capital. One example is SolarCity which in recent times earned the reputation of being the first solar company to achieve the task of securitizing its distributed solar assets. This cleared the way for lower cost solar and more abundant project capital. In the period of the last two years, approximately 200,000 U.S. businesses and homes set up rooftop solar systems (approximately 3 GW capacity), which is th e same as 1 percent of the generation capacity of an American coal plant.Multiple studies have pointed out the degree to which solar energy can successfully decrease carbon emissions. A study carried out by NREL and termed “The Western Wind and Solar Integration Study” analyzed the outcome of running the Western Interconnect with high concentrations of solar and wind. With the Western Connect gathering 33 percent of electricity from solar and wind, the study discovered that CO2 emissions can be reduced by the equivalent of 260 to 300 billion pounds each year, or 29 to 34 percent.#9. Marine powerThese technologies produce electricity from the kinetic energy enclosed in moving water such as tides, currents and waves. Wave power is created by taking advantage of variations in wave height to produce electricity. One example is a buoy tied to the sea floor. With the up and down movement of the buoy with the waves, the relative movement between the latter and the part secured to the s ea floor can be gathered to propel a generator. In areas where the undersea topography is suitable, the daily currents which ocean tides produce can be utilized to get underwater turbines moving. In areas where the tidal ranges are huge, barrages can be constructed across estuaries. Water is permitted to flow in along with the mounting tide and give out by way of low-head hydro turbines, with tide recession. Probable sea conditions, ocean depth and nearness to shore are all factors in the making of marine power technologies.As per figures from April 2014, FERC (Federal Energy Regulatory Commission) issued six initial permits for 2,200 MW of electricity and permits were awaited for 15 projects for a total of close to 3,900 MW. The Roosevelt Island Tidal Energy Project based in New York City is one permitted project expected to be over in 2015 and which will produce 1 MW of electricity.#10. Biomass powerPower plants have been using solid biomass as fuel for many decades. The main tech nology is direct combustion. Here, biomass is burned inside a boiler to produce high-pressure steam, which is utilized to get a steam turbine-generator set moving. Included among solid biomass resources are dedicated energy crops (herbaceous and woody), agricultural and logging remains and forest products residues such as spent pulping liquors, bark and sawdust. As per statistics of a year or two ago, biomass in the U.S. makes up approximately 5 percent of the total principal energy production, split around 50-50 between bio fuels production and heat/electricity generation.A biomass power plant is comparatively costly to construct when compared to plants using comparable technology for other fuels. This is owing to the fact that biomass plants are usually smaller, but still call for huge capital expenses. Yet, when fuel costs are favorable, biomass provides a practical alternative to electricity bought form the grid, or fossil fuels. Biomass is additionally, a kind of base load ener gy. One of the biggest woody biomass plants is situated in Nacogdoches County, Texas. It is powered by materials acquired with a radius of 75 miles from the plant, and it generates 100 MW of base load power.

Research and Discover Gender Inequality at Workplace - 825 Words

Research and Discover Gender Inequality at Workplace (Research Paper Sample) Content: Gender Inequality at WorkplaceGender Inequality at WorkplaceGender inequality refers to receiving unfair treatment because of your gender. In workplaces women are mostly discriminated. Throughout the previous decades, several organizations, government bodies and individuals have made effort to reform this mace in the society.Gender Equality: Why women are still held back by Mrs. PlayerIn an article titled Gender equality: Why women are still held back, the author Abigail Player identifies that the 21st century has seen a dramatic change on how women are viewed in the workplace and the society in general. According to the data available, Mr. Player shows that 42% of the total workforce in the United Kingdom represents women. Women also represent a total of 55% of university graduates. Statistics show that women earn lower than they male counterparts in the same career CITATION Pla17 \l 1033 (Player, 2017).Mrs. Player says that there are many factors which make skills and talents are not being fully utilized in women in the society. Those factors include stereotypes, cultural and social norms. There are some stereotypes in the society that dictate what women can and cannot do. Basin on research, unlike women who are viewed as protectors, the society views women as loyal. The society also views men as more capable leaders in a workplace compared to women.Mrs. Player does not explain steps women and the society in general have to undertake to curb gender inequality. There is no solid evidence to show any effort made to reduce this social imbalance in the society.Gender Inequality and Women in the US Labor Force by International Labor OrganizationIn a publication by International Labor Organization Gender Inequality and Women in the US labor Force, it is clear that there is a very big gap on gender pay around the world. The report shows that between 1979 and 2010, women earned more than 80% of what male colleagues earn. However this percentage has dramatically reduced and is projected to be at 46% by 2018.The International Labor Organization statistics show that women are mostly employed in education, health, trade, utilities, transport, and local government industries. However, women workforce in scientific, technical and professional services represent only 42% CITATION ILO17 \l 1033 (ILO, 2017).Generally, constitute of 59% of the low-paid workforce. In 2009, only 24% of CEOs in the USA were women and they earned 74% of their male counterparts.The International Labor Organization does not provide clear evidence as to why women workforce keeps on decreasing with time. The statistics only indicates that women should be viewed as equal to men.Gender Inequality in the Workplace by VitalityIn a Vitality newsletter volume 5 number 3 Gender Inequality in the workplace, women are still biased in the workplaces. The report indicates that women are still holding the low pay zones. In Canadian workforce, there are two gender bias d iscrimination generations. The first generation is based on intentional acts of inequality and the second generation involve cultural beliefs about gender that favors men. Women are seen as less ambitious as compared to men.The report indicates that there are many factors that hold women back in a workplace. These factors include lack of confidence, culture and gender roles. To cur...

The Bible is the Authoratative Word of God Essay - 686 Words

Responding to such a question as the one stated on responding to a friend who asks you why you believe in the Bible, and asks Isnt it a book just like any other piece of literature? would be a difficult question, but let alone a very plausible question to be asked to a Christian in a ones lifetime. I have personally been asked this question before on multiple occasions, and there are many responses I have given as according to being sensitive to the circumstances upon which the question was asked. I believe in the Bible as being the authoritative word of God, and the divinely inspired, and breathed out word of God (2 Timothy 3:16). To use a response that would allow this message to portray itself accurately, I would likely use 3 main†¦show more content†¦I would explain the concept of hope and love that I now had in my life, and if it wasnt for God, or His divinely inspired word, I wouldnt be alive today, or I at least wouldnt be where I am today. I would be sure to explain the depth of Him being my Lord and my king, my savior who didnt need to, but willingly proved His faithfulness in His love. God is good and real. It is only by His just faithfulness and grace that I am where I am, and alive today. I have no other explanation in my life, for the joy I am able to have after the abuse Ive experienced growing up, for the love I carry after the abandonment of my mother as a mother, for the forgiveness I bear after the tragic scene of my father slowly dying until his very final breath. There is no humanly possible explanation for the existence of my life, at least as it is today, other than that the love and mercy of God is truly and radically life altering. It surpasses all other earthly things, and it is important to express that if we let Him, He could change our lives forever. To continue in a life of bitterness, pain, regression of anger, hurt, evil, depression, and numbness is just illogical and senseless when theres an offer of hope, restoration, l ove, peace, comfort, understanding, grace and faithfulness. As I look back into the testimonies of

A Woman’s Place in Society Explored in Marge Piercy’s...

Society has a way of placing unrealistic expectations on women. By using television, magazines, billboards, and even toys we see a mold of what women are supposed to look like. In other words the perfect woman should look like a Barbie Doll. In Marge Piercy’s, â€Å"Barbie Doll,† we find a girl child growing up through the adolescence stage characterized by appearances and barbarity. Piercy uses lots of imagery to describe the struggles the girl experiences during her teenage years and the effects that can happen. In the first stanza we see the beginning of an ideal image being stained in the girls mind. She was â€Å"...presented dolls that did pee-pee and miniature GE ovens and irons and wee lipsticks the color of cherry candy†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦show more content†¦In the second stanza â€Å"She went to and fro apologizing† (10). Piercy uses imagery to show us the ugliness the girl feels by saying, â€Å"Everyone saw a fat nose on thick legs† (11). Women are sometimes pressured to act in a way that is fake such as wearing a smile when they don’t want to or exercising and dieting. The girl was told to do these things as if to say act like a lady. The child’s â€Å"...good nature wore out like a fan belt† (15-16). To the reader this line says that the girl is giving up. She then goes on to kill herself by cutting off her nose and legs. The girl turned to suicide because of the emotional suffering caused by not fitting the profile of a Barbie doll. In the fourth stanza is where ironic imagery comes into play. â€Å"Doesn’t she look pretty? everyone said.† (23) The girl was finally recognized as pretty but she was laying in a casket when it happened. The girl has finally achieved society’s goal for her, but only in death. Piercy shows us this by saying â€Å"Consummation at last† (24). Even though it is no longer 1936, we still live in a world where society places pressure on women to look and act a certain way. The speaker, Marge Piercy, is trying to reach out to the girls or women that are taking society’s expectations so seriously. She’s telling us that by doing so our self-esteem can be lowered and our emotions can be affected so severely that things like this

The Rise of the Anti-Slavery Movement in the US Essay

Throughout the history of America, the struggle between white and black Americans is by the far the most complex and long standing issue. Beginning with first contact between white Europeans and Africans during the English colonial period, Africans were immediately labeled with terms including savage and heathen. During the Antebellum period, institution of chattel slavery in America certain ideas of what the black man’s role in society became widely known and accepted. Stereotype such as the Sambo, the Zip Coon, the Buck, and the Mammy, became very common particularly after slavery was abolished. Although they are gross caricatures, these representations and images left lasting impressions which effects can be seen even in contemporary†¦show more content†¦According to Genovese, author of The World the Slaves Made (1974), he discusses how enslaved people created community within the â€Å"plantation setting†. This was an incredible accomplishment for people wh ose lives were ruled by forced labor. Slaves got married, have children, worked hard on plantation, endure violence to keep their families together. African American men, women, and children developed an underground culture through which they â€Å"affirmed their humanity†. According to Genovese, if not for occurrence of cultural values, slaves would have assimilated with their masters to an unimaginable point. With the end of the trans-Atlantic slave trade, slavery enters the antebellum period leading up to the civil war. Antebellum slavery was primarily located in the Southern state where it took on many different forms. Unlike the colonial period where slave were enslaved on mostly large Plantation , African Americans in the antebellum were enslaved on small farms, some large plantations, towns, inside homes and out in the fields. During the antebellum period, slavery dramatically changed as it become more racialize that before. Anti-slavery movement in the north created a hope of freedom for slaves in the south as white slave master took steps in preventing the abolishment of slavery in the U.S. With the growing number of African Americans and the dwindling number of European immigrants laws toward slaves became increasinglyShow MoreRelatedThe Civil War Of The United States1233 Words   |  5 Pagesnot a result of a single issue but that of numerous issues, which were tied together. So me events that occurred in America that led southern states to secede from the Union were half oppression in the Union, the compromise of 1850, the rise of the abolition movement, John Brown’s raid and the election of Abraham Lincoln. In some way or another, these events also led to the Civil war. The initial issue which caused this major conflict between the northern and southern states was the half oppressionRead MoreSlavery 1680-18601039 Words   |  5 Pagescommodities and traded. With slavery came empowerment to the white man and land ownership and all rights and freedom for Native Americans, poor whites, African Americans, and women diminish substantially in America. Americas growing settlements and colonies were completely dependent on slave labor and were growing fast because of it. America’s freedom was stripped during slavery due to the high dependency on African American slave trade. With the up rise of revolts and anti slavery acts, the colonies feelRead MoreTime Line 21050 Words   |  5 Pagesinstitution of slavery from the Colonial Period to the 1860s. | 1860-1865 | Slavery was necessary to southern colonists after the introduction of the cotton gin. The cotton gin was a way to make cotton worth a lot but the machine required a lot of manual labor which brought along the plantation system. Prior to the cotton gin slave trade was done most by the New England colonies, this was called â€Å"Triangle Trade (Wikipedia, n.d.).† | 2) The socio-cultural impact of the abolitionist movement including:Read MoreSarah and Angelina Grimke: Influential Abolitionists Essay example755 Words   |  4 PagesSarah and Angelina Grimke Period 3 12/12/12 Sarah and Angelina Grimke were the first Southern women to become influential abolitionist, which spoke on the end of slavery; as well as social and political equality for freedmen and women as well. The Grimke sisters stretched the boundary of women’s public role, by giving speeches to audiences with men and women, and by speaking in front of a state legislature about African American rights. Sarah and Angelina broke many of the social and politicalRead MoreFree And The Home Of The Brave1394 Words   |  6 Pages America’s particular brand of freedom is something that has been in a constant state of evolution since the days of the revolution. Freedom in North America has also evolved over the centuries of colonization beginning with Columbus. By looking at US history, beginning with Columbus’ landing and the subsequent Spanish colonization, through British colonialism to the birth of America and beyond, we can see that freedom has changed depending on who is i n power over the land. This is important becauseRead MoreThe Civil War Of The Southern And Southern States1443 Words   |  6 Pages The northern states were not supportive of slavery in comparison to their southern counterparts. Although slavery was a major cause of the split between the north and south, it was not the only reason. The economic status, cultural activities and the position on state rights were also factors contributing to the division among the states. Slavery was a major issue that divided the northern and southern states. In this paper, the focus is on slavery as the divisive factor of the division of theRead MoreFrederick Douglass Speeches1099 Words   |  5 PagesFrederick Douglass was an anti-slavery activist in the 19th century that was born a slave, left for England and returned to United States a free man. Called the â€Å"father of the civil rights movement†. He has written speeches that transformed the civil rights movement from before the Civi l War and to this present day. He influenced the rise of organizations including women’s group and African American groups to fight for their rights as citizens of the United States. July 4, 1852, Frederick DouglassRead MoreSlavery And Jim Crow Laws1613 Words   |  7 Pagesyou are in a sense cursed with the burdens of   systematic oppression and racism.   Slavery and Jim Crow Laws were created by white supremacist to maintain power and authority as they sought out to rule over any and all minority groups they consider inferior to the white race. 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They were forced to work the production of tobacco, crops, and later cotton. When the cotton grin was evented in 1793 along with the growing demand product in Europe. The slaves had become a use to the South and it formed a foundation for their economy. Going into the late 18th century there were problems with slavery and they are the abolitionist movement, the Missouri Compromise, the Dred Scott Decision

Processes that Change Childrens Thinking over Time

The following essay will aim to describe what processes, according to Piaget’s Cognitive Developmental theory, change children’s thinking over time, as well as the nature of the child’s thinking in each of the four stages of development. It will lastly show how these different stages influence not only what we teach but also how we teach it. In order to comprehensively describe the processes the essay will look at the four stages of Piaget’s theory namely the sensorimotor stage, the preoperational stage, the concrete operational stage and the formal operations stage, their individual characteristics and how a child’s cognitive processes develop. Piaget (1950) as cited in Shaffer and Kipp (2004, pp54) defined intelligence as a â€Å"basic life process that helps an organism adapt to their environment. Piaget believed that children construct their own knowledge from experimenting in their immediate world, and are intrinsically** motivated to learn for themselves. He provided the explanations they children of different ages and stages think of different ways and their progression through these stages is systematic and invariant, i.e. children have to progress through theses stages in the same order (Crain, 1992). Piaget’s theory looked the organised pattern of thought or action a child would construct in order to understand the experiences that they are involved in; he called these cognitive processes schemes (Crain, 1992). Children go through these schemes using the thoughtShow MoreRelatedShould We Abandon Piaget‚Äà ´s Theory Given the Amount of Criticism It Has Received over the Year?1413 Words   |  6 Pagesamount of criticism it has received over the year? Jean Piaget (1896-1980) in his early years of age was a biologist who originally studied molluscs but later he moved into the study of the development of children s understanding, through observing them and talking and listening to them while they worked on exercises he set. He started his tests with his own children on describing the mechanism by which the mind processes new information. His views of how children’s minds work and develop have beenRead More Information processing and cognitive development Essay633 Words   |  3 Pagesthis approach place specific emphasis on the processes of cognitive development. Cognitive perspectives examine development in terms of mental processing. The two major views within this subject are cognitive developmental theory and information processing theory. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Theorists claim that our cognitive processes are like that of a computer. They have used this as a model to break down the process of the human thinking processes and cognitive performance. When you receiveRead MorePediatricians Recommend That Young Children Ages 21105 Words   |  5 Pages24-hour period, 15 hours is required for sleep, the child is left with 9 hours. If 6-7 hours of what is left with is used for kindergarten, the child is left with around 2-3 hours to do everything else. The child will not have enough hours to spend time with and to eat, learn morals and culture from their family. That is the case if the pediatrician s recommendation of 12-15 hours of sleep is met. If the recommendation is not met, putting children through full day kindergarten is only going toRead MoreThe Development Of The Cognition1013 Words   |  5 Pages(2-6 year olds) is the assembly of the thought processes. The thought processes are comprised of memory, problem solving, and decision-making (Encyclopedia of Children’s Health). Universally all children’s thought processes consist of these three abilities; however, there are cases where the child doesn’t have the ability or can be impaired in one or more of these abilities. Several theories of how a child in the early years thinks have been developed over the years. The motor skills, brain developmentRead MoreThe Stages Of Piaget s Development Theory1500 Words   |  6 PagesThis essay is concerned with the Concrete Operational Stage of Piaget’s development theory, which he described as â€Å"a major turnin g point in a child’s cognitive development as it is the beginning of logical thought processes† (Piaget, 1954). This typically occurs between seven and eleven years of age. It will describe the developmental tests used to evidence development and evaluate the strengths and weakness of the theory in relation to the stage and tests used. During this stage, children developRead MoreEssay about Compare and Contrast Two Theories of Gender Role Development1379 Words   |  6 Pagesrelative importance of social and cognitive factors. Various theories are brought up in this field and in this essay two of the most standard theory in this field are going to be explained. The theories covered in this essay relate to aspects of children’s thinking that are central to their gender development. This will include, Kohlberg‘s theory of gender development (1966) and Bandura‘s theory of social cognitive development (1986). Theories like these help psychologists understand how and in which wayRead MoreHuman Development1668 Words   |  7 Pageslife. During the past fifty years, there have been many studies in children’s cognitive development and earlier childhood memory loss. Ernest G. Schachtel conducted studies on why people forget childhood memories as they grow older. He described the processes that co uld be involved in early memory loss (Crain, 2005). He was influenced by Sigmund Freud’s cognitive theory (Crain, 2005). Lev S. 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Impact on children in the bilingual education programme Free Essays

Stung Treng, one of the distant northeasterly states of the Kingdom of Cambodia, is inhabited by different cultural minority groups in add-on to the bulk Khmers, such as â€Å" Brao, Kaveth, Lun, Phnong, Khmer Khe, and Kuy † ( Center for Advanced Study, 2009, p. 285 ) . Without schooling, these groups have high hazards of being exploited and exposed to bad behaviours such as drug maltreatment and unprotected sex. We will write a custom essay sample on Impact on children in the bilingual education programme or any similar topic only for you Order Now With low degrees of literacy they can be more prone to infection by common diseases in their community like malaria and dandy fever febrility, which farther depletes their minimum incomes necessitating outgo on medical specialties and medical expertness. Furthermore, their full potencies to develop themselves every bit good as their community have non been realized due to miss of chances. There are many benefits associated with female parent lingua based bilingual instruction: higher registration rates in formal system ; lower dropout rates ( a common ground for dropout in the early old ages of instruction is linguistic communication ; there are high dropout rates for kids talking a different female parent lingua to the linguistic communication of direction ) ; lower repeat rates, for kids necessitating to reiterate peculiar classs of their schooling ; higher rates of success for misss remaining in instruction ; higher rates of parental and community engagement in kids ‘s instruction ; it can better the relationship between political leaders and a multilingual population ; it leads to greater proficiency and eloquence in national linguistic communication ( and besides so international linguistic communications if these are pursued ) if initial direction is done in female parent longue ; and community engagement in instruction is really of import – affecti ng parents, community and instructors in instruction helps kids learn. Greater engagement is found when initial direction is in the female parent lingua. Over recent old ages the United Nations Children ‘s Fund ( UNICEF ) , in coaction with the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport ( MoEYS ) , has piloted a bilingual instruction programme in Siem Pang territory, Stung Treng state, where most Kaveth cultural group members are concentrated. This has been done in order to supply primary instruction to kids of this group by utilizing a bilingual theoretical account of larning implemented by CARE Cambodia, portion of CARE International, in Rattanakiri state. The programme focused on a minority population in three small towns of Siem Pang territory straight profiting about 225 kids. For confidentiality purposes the small towns will be known as small town K, small town O and small town T. 1.2 Problem Statement The bilingual method of learning adopted in the plan has been the agencies of supplying primary instruction to kids of cultural minorities in this state and its impact has non been studied therefore far, so the research worker has great involvement in researching this. 1.3 Purpose and Significance It is anticipated that the informations collected and analyzed in this survey will be used as a strong foundation to reason for an enlargement of the plan to other minority communities which are presently underserved by the Kampuchean instruction system. This has deductions for an addition in instruction entree for the-hard-to-reach kids of the state ‘s minority groups. The scope of possible impacts include the person ‘s future work chances, their attitudes towards and value for instruction, and the development of positive behaviours towards effectual wellness and hygiene patterns within the minority communities. Hopefully, the research findings will show the positive results and impact of the bilingual instruction programme. It may besides bring out issues or jobs that can be addressed. The positive impact will function as an protagonism message to the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport â€Å" for bilingual instruction to be portion of national instruction policy programs, and the programs must be implemented in pattern with sufficient resources in the signifier of allocated financess, decently trained forces and other necessary resources † ( UNESCO, 2005, p. 3 ) . 1.2 Research Questions This research proposal intends to research the inquiry â€Å" What are the self-reported impacts of attending at the bilingual instruction programme on kids, their households and communities? † with the following purposes: To document the impact on take parting pupils of their attendance/involvement in the bilingual instruction programme in Stung Treng ; To document the impact on the households of pupils who attend the bilingual instruction programme in Stung Treng ; and To document the impact on the local communities in which pupils and their households attend bilingual instruction programme in Stung Treng. 2. Methods Discussed in this subdivision will be the sampling technique, informations aggregation procedures and the method for informations analysis. Ethical issues and the stairss taken to turn to them will besides be considered here. 2.1 Sampling The proposed research will concentrate on the impact of bilingual instruction on the minority communities in Siem Pang territory, Stung Treng state. In each of these communities there is one school supplying bilingual instruction from classs one to three, and this research will utilize a convenience sample to choose one school with ready entree for the research worker. Two pupils from each of the three classs ( n = 6 ) from the selected school will be invited to take part in an interview. A parent of each of the invited pupils will be invited to take part in a focal point group treatment plus two members of the school support commission based on their handiness ( n=8 ) . A list of male and female pupils from the selected school will be sought from the school principal by the research worker. Simple random sampling will be used to choose two pupils from each of the three classs. The research worker will compose each single pupil ‘s name on a separate faux pas of paper, topographic point all the faux pass in a container, agitate the container, and choice faux pass from the container until the coveted figure of participants is selected. This procedure will be repeated by class and gender with misss in one container and male childs in the other in order to hold gender balance. It is of import to hold gender balance in this survey so that every bit representative voices can be heard. An Information Form and an Informed Consent signifier and missive from the school principal developed by the research worker will be sent to parents by the instructor through the selected pupils to seek their parental blessing. If parents of the selected pupils do non O.K. of their kids take parting in this research, the same procedure will be repeated with other pupils of the selected school until the coveted sample has been achieved. There are restrictions deducing from both clip restraints and geographical conditions for carry oning this research, so the sample size will non be big plenty to generalise the results of this survey. This trying attack besides has some restrictions. It can non vouch a good representation of the whole population in the small town or the category, cut downing the generalizability of the consequences. However, the impact of bilingual instruction in this minority community can still be measured through a carefully structured research tool. 2.2 Data aggregation 2.2.1 Interviewing Data will be collected through single interviews with the pupils of each of the three classs who have received parental consent to take part, and with two grownup focal point groups of four each group dwelling of the parents of three pupils and a member of school support commission in each group. Student interviews will be done by class degree, three interviews with the 2 kids from the same class degree. Due to clip restraints, carry oning pair interviews with pupils is a preferred option to the research worker. To cut down the possibility of male childs ruling the interview, the interviewer will deliberately direct the inquiries to girl pupils in an attempt to promote female engagement. The possible grownup participants in focal point group treatments will be provided with an Information Sheet in their ain linguistic communication, explicating the research intent and a Consent Form ( see Appendix A ) . Potential kid participants will be provided with an Information Form and Consent Form in their ain linguistic communication that requires parental every bit good as child consent, in an effort to turn to ethical concerns about questioning kids who are under the legal age of consent. Interviews with pupils will be conducted at their school on Thursday forenoon because Thursday is no-class twenty-four hours whilst focal point group treatments will be conducted in the afternoon of the same twenty-four hours and at the same topographic point. The interviews and concentrate group treatments will be audio-recorded for ulterior written text and analysis The interviews and concentrate groups ( draft inquiries in Appendix E ) will be conducted by the research worker and facilitated by a bilingual instructor, who can talk the local linguistic communication good, to assist smooth the procedure and to avoid any possible misinterpretation during interviews and concentrate group treatments. The instructor will non be the kid ‘s instructor to forestall any concerns of the kid in the event they make a critical remark. An instruction functionary each from the provincial and territory offices will be approached to set up communicating flow between the research worker and survey participants in footings of doing assignments for the interviews and concentrate group treatments. An interview protocol and inquiries will be developed for usage in the interviews and concentrate group treatments ( see Appendix B ) . Students will be asked semi-structured inquiries by the research worker, with interlingual rendition by a bilingual instructor. Possibly examining inquiries will besides be developed to utilize when new subjects come up during interviews and concentrate group treatments. The research worker will discourse the inquiries beforehand with the transcriber to clear up the content and purpose of the inquiries with the purpose of thereby cut downing confusion during the times of questioning and treatment. All interviews and treatments will be audio-recorded so that the procedure can be conducted swimmingly without breaks for note pickings. The recordings will subsequently be transcribed for thorough analysis, and will be translated into English. The recordings, the written texts every bit good as the interlingual renditions will be stored and watchword protected in the research worker ‘s personal computing machine for confidentiality and will be destroyed after the research study has been completed. There are some restrictions to the usage of interviews and concentrate group treatments. Students, their parents and community leaders of the minority group do non hold much exposure to the universe outside their immediate community, and this may take to narrow positions in their responses and treatments and limit the profusion of data/information aggregation. All the research participants are new to interviews and concentrate group treatments, and this may keep them from talking openly and honestly. The usage of a transcriber could besides perplex the procedure and add an unintended confusion to participants. Focus groups can non vouch confidentiality hence single respondents may be restrained in their responses if they believe person in the group might state others about peculiar remarks, particularly any perceived as critical. 2.3 Data analysis The analysis will be done first by transcribing the recorded responses from the interviews and focal point groups. Similar phrases from each transcript are put together under descriptive labels. By making so, informations are pooled and a form or subject will emerge. Give the little figure of participants in both interviews and concentrate group treatments, informations analysis will be done utilizing excel spreadsheet. 2.4 Ethical considerations The true intent of this survey will be obviously explained to all participants in this research and the general benefits deducing from this research for their community will besides be explained in order to derive their full engagement. It will be explained that engagement is voluntary and anon. . By making so the research participants understand they are non compelled to prosecute against their will and may retreat from take parting at any clip. The research worker pays great attending to ethical issues that might be concerned with the survey in footings of coercion and power imposed on the participants. Therefore, the research worker has designed an Information Sheet and Consent Form in the cultural linguistic communication explicating the intent and the procedure of the survey every bit good as their right to decline to take part before the survey can get down. An informal attack to the behavior of the interviews and focal point groups will be pursued in order to set all the participants at easiness and to arouse as rich and varied information as possible. 3. Literature Reappraisal 3.1 International context Surveies have shown that direction in the female parent lingua is good to achievement in other capable countries and 2nd linguistic communication acquisition. In parts where the linguistic communication of the scholar is non the national linguistic communication of the state, bilingual instruction can do female parent lingua direction possible while supplying acquisition of the national linguistic communication at the same clip ( UNCESCO, 2003 ) . International research shows that at least five old ages of direction in the first linguistic communication -but sooner throughout the instruction system – is required to supply a solid foundation for farther surveies. A strong foundation in the female parent lingua is besides needed for 2nd linguistic communication acquisition and successful transportation of the literacy accomplishments from the first to the 2nd linguistic communication ( UNESCO, 2006 ) . Teaching basic accomplishments to hapless kids through linguistic communication submergence may be damaging, but bilingual instruction is a much more effectual option. Students in the United States of America having direction in a native linguistic communication and English at different times of the twenty-four hours were found to do the most dramatic additions in reading public presentation compared to their English-only equals. This research is pertinent to multilingual low-income states ( World Bank, 2006 ) . The figure of old ages of direction in the first linguistic communication is the most of import forecaster of reading public presentation in a 2nd linguistic communication. It is non of import what the first linguistic communication is, but instead how much cognitive and academic development the pupil has experienced in it. The higher the pupils ‘ accomplishment in the primary linguistic communication, the faster they will come on in the 2nd linguistic communication ( World Bank, 2006 ) . 3.2 Kampuchean context The footings â€Å" cultural minorities, † â€Å" autochthonal peoples, † â€Å" hill folks † and â€Å" Highlanders † are non synonymous. They are used interchangeably to depict the population groups who reside in remote, difficult-to-access countries within Cambodia. They make a life largely by subsistence agriculture and from forest merchandises, and do non talk Khmer, the national linguistic communication, as a female parent lingua ( UNCESCO, 2005 ) . With the publicity of Education For All ( EFA ) , the Royal Government of Cambodia ( RGC ) is cognizant of the demand to do instruction accessible to all. The Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport is get downing to acknowledge that bilingual instruction may be an effectual manner of run intoing the educational demands of Cambodia ‘s cultural minorities while enabling them to take part more to the full in Khmer society ( UNESCO, 2007 ) . To accomplish Education For All in minority communities, particular schemes such as bilingual instruction can be used ( UNESCO, 2006 ) . Bilingual instruction encompasses more than the female parent lingua as the linguistic communication of direction. Curriculum, stuffs, instructors and, learner-centered methodological analysiss are all elements of the educational procedure related to the autochthonal people ‘s civilization in a wide sense. Furthermore the attack has promoted the acceptance of inclusive instruction with scholars from upland autochthonal groups have long been marginalized and deprived of any chance for formal instruction ( UNCESCO, 2005 ) . Cultural minority communities have maintained their cultural, lingual and traditional differences through their farness from the bulk cultural communities. Given this farness, there has non been the chance to back up substructure and the development and/or renovation of school edifices, conveyance and administrative substructure that instruction may necessitate ( UNCESCO, 2005 ) . This compounds the disadvantage of the minority groups even further. There have been few educational chances for autochthonal peoples and, accordingly, there are few trained forces who are fluid in cultural minority linguistic communications and Khmer. As Khmer is non the first linguistic communication of the different upland groups, kids are placed at a disadvantage when it is used as the lone linguistic communication of direction ( UNESCO, 2005 ) .Find some figures that describe the engagement rates of cultural minority groups in higher instruction in Cambodia – it will beef up this point every bit good as the Significance of the research Given that there have been few undertakings that catered to the specific educational demands of cultural minorities, there is besides a deficiency of stuffs that are culturally relevant or readily adaptable for usage in footings of linguistic communication and content ( UNESCO, 2005 ) . Indeed, small town support for schooling has been missing, most likely due to the fact that formal school services did non run into the demands of the community, and conflicted with socio-cultural norms in upland small towns. Besides, learning methodological analysis and inflexible time-tabling were non suited. Curriculum and stuff developed for the cultural minorities needs to be appropriate to accommodate the demands of the autochthonal communities. If an instruction undertaking is non based on existent, identified demands in the targeted communities, the scholars will hold it inappropriate and non utile for their demands ( UNESCO, 2005 ) with subsequent low engagement and success rates. Education for misss faces particularly tough obstructions within Cambodia and can be observed frequently in the signifier of negative attitudes – by parents, instructors and community members. Discrimination is apparent in societal norms, linguistic communication, and submissive stereotypes. Socio-cultural influences work against misss ‘ entree to instruction in the signifier of early matrimonies, a heavy domestic work load and low educational outlooks ( UNESCO, 2005 ) . This is particularly true in a traditional society like Cambodia, in which miss ‘ instruction is less valued than male childs ‘ and misss are confined to household jobs, allow entirely misss from the state ‘s minority groups. How to cite Impact on children in the bilingual education programme, Essay examples

Mixed Blood Essay Example For Students

Mixed Blood Essay The question of race has been a long debated topic that still has not been answered. Jeffrey Fish embraces this issue in his writing entitled, â€Å"Mixed Blood. † The document opens by proposing the question of â€Å"What is race? †, then breaking it down into smaller factions. The two lesser questions that are formed instead are: â€Å"How can we understand the variation in physical appearance among human beings? How can we understand the kinds of racial classifications applied to differences in physical appearance among human beings? † The preliminary hypothesis determined is that race is a myth and does not really exist. Yet, Fish chooses to expand on various possibilities that may lead to other conclusions. Over the millenniums, evolution of man has been slow, but very significant. Through different means of mutation, natural selection, and genetic drift, the human species has come to numerous modifications. Although, the concept of genetic drift is what intrigues the minds of most individuals. The concept of adaptive value seems to appear as a major role in physical differences. For instance, the first settlers of the New World all had different characteristics depending on the environment they lived in. Those that stayed further North, such as the Eskimos, usually had short, rounded bodies with light faces. These features were developed due to the weather. The rounded figures were to help insulate their bodies and as a result of little or no sunlight the skin color of these people were often very light. In contrast to this are the settlements of cultures South near the Equator. Indians from Central America to South America held dark complexions and thin frames as a result from the exposure to intense heat. For these reasons a consistent biological approach can not be assessed on terms of skin color or body size. Rather now we have simply broken the human species into three distinctions of Caucasoid, Mongoloid, and Negroid; which everyone seems to fall inside of, or do we. Americans tend to classify people on many terms. Blood, being one of the most definitive of today, has brought about a whole new way of trying to classify people. The word hypo-descent plainly explains this by stating that a person is the heritage of the less prestigious race. The lines of descent are that of white, being at the top, Asian, the intermediate, and black as concluding the chart. In other words, since my friend Amber has a white father, but black mother then she is considered black. Still, the idea of hypo-descent is nothing merely than the tale of one’s ancestry and is non-informative of the person themselves. Such instances form the expression that race is not just a physical, but a social classification. To offset this notion, Fish gives an example of Brazilian folk taxonomy to give a different perspective on the scenario. Yet, the realization is that different cultures have different ways they choose to classify themselves. Therefore, there methods and ideology of race can be completely foreign. In conclusion, the tested hypothesis was correct. America has no conception of race. It can not be done due to its diverse angles included. With the increase of immigration as well as intermarriage the fast rising category is now â€Å"Other. † It has nothing to do with a biological standpoint. Rather it is a cultural issue and how one chooses to observe the issue. The correlation of this article to the rest of our class and cultures are deeply intertwined. First, we have begun by discussing the essence of culture. Where it comes from, who’s involved, and what is it composed of are each within the composition of the metes and bounds of culture. Then further readings have taken light of the shifting in culture and race which have caused such stirring debate. Finally, we deal with such true incidents like this all the time, whether by external or internal thought. It is a part of our society and a harsh matter we must deal with like it or not because this is what the future holds for our species.

Brechts The Good Woman of Setzuan free essay sample

Bertolt Brechts The Good Woman of Setzuan portrays the struggle to be good while living in a corrupt society and the delicate balance needed to survive within it. An analysis of Bertolt Brechts play The Good Woman of Setzuan. Throughout the play Shen Te juggles her promise to be good with the necessity to be bad. The author finds through the protagonist and the creation of her doppelganger, The Good Woman of Setzuan portrays the struggle to be good while living in a corrupt society, and the delicate balance needed to survive within it as seen in Shen Tes struggle as a good woman leading the life of a prostitute. `Shen Te, a good woman, a prostitute, and the only one willing to take three gods into her home is rewarded with 1000 silver dollars, with which she is to `above all be good`(712). This mission tears her in two. We will write a custom essay sample on Brechts The Good Woman of Setzuan or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Shen Te and her doppelganger Shui Ta are in a delicate balance of power. Shen Te needs to keep her promise to the gods by being a good woman, helping those around her in need. Because Shen Te is too good, those she helps threaten to ruin her own survival. To remain a good woman Shen Te must create someone to fight for her. Like parents, both Shui Ta and Shen Te make up the whole of one unit. Shen Te is a nurturing, sweet mother-type while Shui Ta becomes a strict, disciplinarian, father-type. Through the protagonist and the creation of her doppelganger, Brechts The Good Woman of Setzuan portrays the struggle to be good while living in a corrupt society, and the delicate balance needed to survive within it.`

Critical Thinking Model Sample Essay - How to Write a Proven Essay

Critical Thinking Model Sample Essay - How to Write a Proven EssayIn this Critical Thinking Model Sample Essay I'll show you how to write a convincing essay. You see, we are not supposed to believe the facts, but rather to create a chain of logic. After all, as Aristotle said 'The human mind has been designed to be a logical machine.'The first thing you need to do is realize that your essay doesn't have to be perfect. Yes, that is possible, but remember that it doesn't make your essay better.The most basic component of any essay is to convince the reader of something. You need to show that you are an intelligent and well-written individual. One who can write a convincing essay. Think about the end goal you want to achieve.Another element of the Critical Thinking Model is 'information'. A lot of times when writing essays we take too much information into account. Don't worry, that's called being a reader.It's the same when writing essays. When we read the information the key point, th e one to focus on is our own essay. As I've said before, the purpose of the essay is to convince the reader of something.Therefore, when we read we only focus on the important information we need, what does our essay mean to us. This means we need to write without taking information and filtering it through our thought process.Focus on what your essay is for, what is its purpose, and what are the key points you are trying to get across. Not on what the person may think or believe.If you do this and continue writing as a true writer, you will begin to develop your writing skills. You will get the ability to express yourself in a different way.

Amritsar Massacre, 1919

Amritsar Massacre, 1919 The European imperial powers committed many atrocities during their period of world domination.  However, the 1919 Amritsar Massacre in northern India, also known as the Jallianwala Massacre, surely ranks as one of the most senseless and egregious.   Background For more than sixty years, British officials in the Raj had viewed the people of India with mistrust, having been caught off-guard by the Indian Revolt of 1857. During World War I (1914-18), the majority of Indians supported the British in their war effort against Germany, the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and the Ottoman Empire.  Indeed, more than 1.3 million Indians served as soldiers or support staff during the war, and more than 43,000 died fighting for Britain. The British knew, however, that not all Indians were willing to support their colonial rulers.  In 1915, some of the most radical Indian nationalists took part in a plan called the Ghadar Mutiny, which called for soldiers in the British Indian Army to revolt in the midst of the Great War. The Ghadar Mutiny never happened, as the organization planning the revolt was infiltrated by British agents and the ring-leaders arrested. Nevertheless, it increased hostility and distrust among British officers toward the people of India. On March 10, 1919, the British passed a law called the Rowlatt Act, which only increased disaffection in India.  The Rowlatt Act authorized the government to imprison suspected revolutionaries for up to two years without a trial. People could be arrested without a warrant, had no right to confront their accusers or see the evidence against them, and lost the right to a jury trial.   It also placed strict controls on the press. The British immediately arrested two prominent political leaders in Amritsar who were affiliated with Mohandas Gandhi; the men disappeared into the prison system. Over the following month, violent street scuffles broke out between Europeans and Indians in the streets of Amritsar.  The local military commander, Brigadier-General Reginald Dyer, issued orders that Indian men had to crawl on hands and knees along the public street, and could be publicly lashed for approaching British police officers. On April 13, the British government banned gatherings of more than four people. Massacre at Jallianwala Bagh On the very afternoon that freedom of assembly was retracted, April 13, thousands of Indians gathered at the Jallianwala Bagh gardens in Amritsar.  Sources say that as many as 15,000 to 20,000 people packed into the small space. General Dyer, certain that the Indians were beginning an insurrection, led a group of sixty-five Gurkhas and twenty-five Baluchi soldiers from Iran through the narrow passages of the public garden. Fortunately, the two armored cars with machine guns mounted on top were too wide to fit through the passageway and remained outside. The soldiers blocked all of the exits.  Without issuing any warning, they opened fire, aiming for the most crowded parts of the throng. People screamed and ran for the exits, trampling one another in their terror, only to find each way blocked by soldiers. Dozens jumped into a deep well in the garden to escape the gunfire, and drowned or were crushed instead. The authorities imposed a curfew on the city, preventing families from aiding the wounded or finding their dead all night. As a result, many of the injured likely bled to death in the garden. The shooting went on for ten minutes; more than 1,600 shell casings were recovered.  Dyer only ordered a ceasefire when the troops ran out of ammunition. Officially, the British reported that 379 people were killed; its likely that the actual toll was closer to 1,000.   Reaction The colonial government tried to suppress news of the massacre both within India and in Britain.   Slowly, however, word of the horror got out.  Within India, ordinary people became politicized, and nationalists lost all hope that the British government would deal with them in good faith, despite Indias massive contribution to the recent war efforts.   In Britain, the general public and the House of Commons reacted with outrage and disgust to news of the massacre. General Dyer was called to give testimony about the incident.  He testified that he surrounded the protestors and did not give any warning before giving the order to fire because he did not seek to disperse the crowd, but to punish the people of India generally. He also stated that he would have used the machine guns to kill many more people, had he been able to get them into the garden.   Even Winston Churchill, no great fan of the Indian people, decried this monstrous event. He called it an extraordinary event, a monstrous event. General Dyer was relieved of his command on grounds of mistaking his duty, but he was never prosecuted for the murders.  The British government has yet to formally apologize for the incident.   Some historians, such as Alfred Draper, believe that the Amritsar Massacre was key in bringing down the British Raj in India.  Most believe that Indian independence was inevitable by that point, but that the callous brutality of the massacre made the struggle that much more bitter. Sources Collett, Nigel.   The Butcher of Amritsar: General Reginald Dyer, London: Continuum, 2006. Lloyd, Nick. The Amritsar Massacre: The Untold Story of One Fateful Day, London: I.B. Tauris, 2011. Sayer, Derek. British Reaction to the Amritsar Massacre 1919-1920, Past Present, No. 131 (May 1991), pp. 130-164.

Free Essays on The Stranger - Mersault As The Absurd Man

The main character, Mersault, in Albert Camus’ The Stranger, has a detachment from everything in life. He is a private man who lives by himself in an apartment. Mersault accepts life as it comes and is not dynamic enough to change the ways of the world, a characteristic that aids in classifying him as an â€Å"absurd man†. As he said himself, â€Å"I’ve always been far too much absorbed in the present of the immediate future to think back†(127). However, Mersault’s realization of his coming death caused a transformation of the character’s perspectives, as the definition of an absurd man indicates. Mersault reveals much about himself in the opening of the novel when his mother dies. He does not grieve over her loss, and doesn’t cry at her funeral, a factor that would later send him to the guillotine. His present physical condition would contribute to his attitude at that point. At the funeral, he was sleepy and â€Å"the sensation of someone posted at my back made me uncomfortable†(7), thus responsible for his sour attitude. At the point and time of the murder, Mersault was feeling hot and miserable from the intense heat, and his physical condition beat his non-existent spiritual conscience that would tell him it was wrong to murder someone. To reiterate the absurdness of his proclivity to not be worried about morals that are important to the rest of society, he even told his attorney that he had no reason to shoot the Arab. There are times in the novel when Mersault even realizes his own absurdness. During the trial the judge was â€Å"brandishing a crucifix before his eyes†(85), yet all he could think about was the stifling hot room and the big flies buzzing around his head. Yet, he says, â€Å"I realized it was absurd to feel like this, considering that, after all, it was I who was the criminal†(85). However, when Mersault learns that he will be decapitated by guillotine he comes to terms with thoughts of hi... Free Essays on The Stranger - Mersault As The Absurd Man Free Essays on The Stranger - Mersault As The Absurd Man The main character, Mersault, in Albert Camus’ The Stranger, has a detachment from everything in life. He is a private man who lives by himself in an apartment. Mersault accepts life as it comes and is not dynamic enough to change the ways of the world, a characteristic that aids in classifying him as an â€Å"absurd man†. As he said himself, â€Å"I’ve always been far too much absorbed in the present of the immediate future to think back†(127). However, Mersault’s realization of his coming death caused a transformation of the character’s perspectives, as the definition of an absurd man indicates. Mersault reveals much about himself in the opening of the novel when his mother dies. He does not grieve over her loss, and doesn’t cry at her funeral, a factor that would later send him to the guillotine. His present physical condition would contribute to his attitude at that point. At the funeral, he was sleepy and â€Å"the sensation of someone posted at my back made me uncomfortable†(7), thus responsible for his sour attitude. At the point and time of the murder, Mersault was feeling hot and miserable from the intense heat, and his physical condition beat his non-existent spiritual conscience that would tell him it was wrong to murder someone. To reiterate the absurdness of his proclivity to not be worried about morals that are important to the rest of society, he even told his attorney that he had no reason to shoot the Arab. There are times in the novel when Mersault even realizes his own absurdness. During the trial the judge was â€Å"brandishing a crucifix before his eyes†(85), yet all he could think about was the stifling hot room and the big flies buzzing around his head. Yet, he says, â€Å"I realized it was absurd to feel like this, considering that, after all, it was I who was the criminal†(85). However, when Mersault learns that he will be decapitated by guillotine he comes to terms with thoughts of hi...

National cinemas are structurally marginal, fragile and dependent on Essay

National cinemas are structurally marginal, fragile and dependent on outside help. What value, if any, does a national cinema ha - Essay Example Everyone benefits from a lively national film industry, from those who are involved in making the movies to those who watch and even society as a whole, since ideas are transmitted from films to viewers to people around them. One very clear indication of the importance of financial support is the case of Alberta, Canada. In 1973 Alberta created its own provincial film board to encourage Alberta film productions at the advice of the National Film Board. The other provinces immediately followed the success of this plan, so Canada had both a National and Provincial film funding in each province, and it was important, because Canada’s regions are all different. The ethnic and national heritage of different regions stems from different waves of immigration plus the added cultures of the First nations People. Despite its phenomenal success until 1996, Ralph Klein went on a cost cutting spree and cut out the funding in 1996. The Alberta film industry went from a very successful $150- million in 1995 to $50-million by 1997 (FRASER, 2011). 2/3s of the production moved to British Columbia. Even the Alberta and national governments lost money on this deal, since the Alberta industry had created more tax income then the cost of the funding. Once the funding dried up the talent followed the industry move to BC. â€Å"Film is capable of both painting and shaping society.†(Bellucci, 2010) It is a well researched conclusion that film that records aspects of any conflict feeds an â€Å"us vs them† perception and tends to become a symbol of culture and create an â€Å"ethos of conflict† (Benziman, 2013). This can have an interactively reciprocal effect on how the different factions perceive the conflict, and on the culture as a whole. "The conflict shapes national identity, while changes in national identity influence the course of the conflict." (Bar-Tal, Raviv, Raviv, and Dgani-Hirsh 2009; Bar-tal 2010) So movies that depict present or past conflicts change how they are viewed and how the participants feel about themselves and others. The conflict does not have to be armed, or even serious, but just its existence and the acknowledgement of the differences and the perceptions of one being superior effects the national attitudes. This changes the â€Å"National Narrative† of the countries involved, which, in turn changes future history. Because the EU was created to encourage fair trade without tariffs. Any state subsidy or tax benefits essentially breaks this rule. However, because of the perceived need for support of cultural activities in the member states, the European Union introduced the Maastricht Treaty. It allows member states to support independent films important to their cultures. The idea was to allow member states to support non-commercial film making as long as trade and economies were not directly affected. However, some problems developed when defining what kinds of films would qualify. France and the UK w ere the main dissenters. France considers all film to be cultural and necessary, so wants to support all film, even commercial productions. The creation of a definition of â€Å"difficult films† for beginning enterprises, whach are considered worthy of support, was not enough for them. The UK adopted a very detailed definition of a â€Å"difficult film† using the possibility of profit, the size of the target audience and the popularity of the subject matter as criteria. Basically, the idea was to

Analyze a particular area of the film industry Essay

Analyze a particular area of the film industry - Essay Example I am not the lone exception. My career objective has always been to offer the best for my customers keep them updated on the changes immediately and learn to cope with the challenges that arise so as to try to come up with a conducive environment for my customers. Successful businesses are customer focused. They let their entire business evolve around their customers. It involves thinking on how one can sell what they want to create. Using creativity to avail what a customer wants. Finding means and ways of reaching large numbers of people. Not only majoring their marketing to only their nations but also reaching the entire world if possible. This is today made easier through the advancing technology in marketing (Armstrong and Sweeney, 1994). Operational marketing attracts and keeps customers by providing prompt services to them. They do this at the shortest time possible at the highest level of quality. They meet and exceed customer expectations in cost and time frame. They are inc orporated in the marketing and advertisement so as to ensure its process remains of highest quality at the same time allows the company handle a large number of transactions as fast as possible. They act as the links between the business and the customers (Honeycutt et. Al., 1995). Practical aspects of marketing on film industry/culture sector. Several practical aspects of marketing on film industry/ culture sector have been realized in the past few years. This has led to the advancement and easiness in marketing as a whole. Just to mention few-: Digital marketing is a highly practical and advance level course for those who work in independent film festivals. Its main aim is to develop a network of digital marketing experts. To ensure the sector of the cultural cinema uses appropriately the potential of digital marketing to engage the audience. This has made marketing even faster (Jackson and Artola, 1997). Mapping of the creative industry has helped in the solving of the complex ch allenges faced in the past centuries. It solves the problem of polarization and inequality between nations. It avails strategies to unleash the creative potential of each and everyone to respond to the far reaching cultural, economic, technological and social shift that man is living through (Jeurissen and van, 1998). Job creation-: a majority of the developing and the industrialized countries have started programs for promoting the micro, small and medium enterprises at the courtesy of their job creation. This helps the youths and those without permanent jobs to be self employed hence reduction of the rate of unemployment. This has also led to the wide spread of the film industry. Remote areas can now access the industry through the various awareness being created in their vicinity (DCMS, 2001). Emergence of new industries-: the satisfaction of peoples thirst and demand of cultural products in social, cultural and technological changes has increased. This is due to the emergence of new industries. It has led to new forms of entertainment, distractions and inspiration. They include computer games, web designs among others (Hesmondhalgh, 2002). They have replaced older cultural industries. It has also brought a very positive gain on the youths. It helps in curbing the loitering and bad behaviors that may arise due to idleness. Film and screen studies helps in the development of critical understanding of film and screen theory. To criticize and appreciate the relationship between film, media and culture. To provide